by Ken Lopez Founder/CEO A2L Consulting We at A2L are launching a new e-book this month. This time, we are publishing the book jointly with IMS ExpertServices, one of the nation’s premier providers of experts and consultants for top law firms and Fortune 500 corporations. The title of the new book is Expert Trial Testimony: Direct and Cross-Examination. The book answers every question you might have thought of in connection with expert testimony at trial in U.S. courts, and it does so in a clear, conversational manner. Plus, it’s a free download. As more and more money is at stake in civil trials, and as the subject matter grows more and more complex and difficult for many jurors to understand without assistance, the value and importance of expert witnesses has grown dramatically. The difference between an effective, well-prepared, convincing expert witness and one who does not come across well to a jury can often be the difference between winning and losing a trial where hundreds of millions, or billions, of dollars are at stake. The book is directed at experts themselves and gives dozens of do’s and don’ts that will make any expert’s testimony effective and convincing at a trial. It’s not only experts who will benefit from reading this book but also trial attorneys, trial technicians, in-house counsel, and anyone who wants to understand the best ways to put on expert testimony. The book addresses the typical expert witness as follows:
by Tony B. Klapper, (former) Managing Director, Litigation Consulting & GC, A2L Consulting and David H. Schwartz, Ph.D., Co-Founder, Innovative Science Solutions
by Ken Lopez Founder/CEO A2L Consulting After the more than 20 years that we have spent in the litigation consulting business, we don't hear very many questions that we’ve never heard before. However, this week I did hear one, and the story is worth sharing because it goes to the heart of how a truly great litigator performs. The question I heard was, “What can we do better as a trial team on the next engagement?” Consider how remarkable this is. Here was a litigator from a large law firm sincerely trying to improve the performance of his team and himself. I was deeply impressed, as this was the first time I've had someone ask that question after an engagement. It's a very sensible question, of course. A2L's team has worked with thousands of litigation teams from the very best law firms in the world. I have watched many litigators perform near-magic in the courtroom, and I have seen teams fail miserably. There are patterns that lead to success and patterns that lead to failure. In the spirit of the question that this litigator asked me, I started thinking about the traits of the world’s most effective trial teams. Here are 50 of them culled from my experience and that of my colleagues Dr. Laurie Kuslansky and Tony Klapper. Practice is by far the single most obvious indicator of a trial team's success. The great litigators draft their openings months or years in advance of trial and practice them dozens or hundreds of times. See, Practice, Say Jury Consultants, is Why Movie Lawyers Perform So Well Preparation. Great trial teams start preparing long before trial, and they don't ask the client’s permission to do so. Their attitude is, “If you work with a team like ours, it means you want to win and we know how to win and we're going to get that done, whatever it takes.” I think they are right. There are only a handful of law firms that I have observed that have this sense of preparation embedded in their litigation culture. See, The 13 Biggest Reasons to Avoid Last-Minute Trial Preparation Great litigation teams want their answers questioned. Great litigators are confident. They are so confident that they open themselves up to rigorous scrutiny in their approach to trial. Through a whole host of methods, they invite criticism, suggestions, fresh pairs of eyes, lay people’s opinions, experts’ opinions, and they use all of these voices to perform at their best. See, Accepting Litigation Consulting is the New Hurdle for Litigators They lead, but they can be led too. Great litigators avoid dominating all discussions. They intentionally let others lead them and be seen as leaders. Download the Leadership for Lawyers eBook They just look comfortable in front of a jury. Confidence equals persuasiviness and humans are born with an expert ability to detect it. See, A Harvard Psychologist Writes About Presenting to Win They build narratives early. They know how important a narrative is to winning a case. They have also learned from experience that the earlier this is done, the better. A well-constructed narrative can inform everything from briefing to discovery to witness preparation. Download The Opening Statement Toolkit
Cognitive biases are a natural part of being human, and jurors are not exempt from these biases when serving in a court of law. The impact of these biases on how jurors receive and interpret expert testimony cannot be underestimated, as it can ultimately shape the outcome of a trial.
by Ryan H. Flax (Former) Managing Director, Litigation Consulting & General Counsel A2L Consulting It’s always interesting to me how humans view and judge each other. We all do it almost all of the time, in every interaction with other people. We even do it when we don’t even interact with others, for example, while driving or watching TV. We develop little dramas and characters in our minds to make sense of the world around us and its characters. This is particularly important in my profession, where my goal is to help litigators frame their case or showcase their client in a compelling and engaging way for judge or jury. I’ve just watched the video below and it highlights how important it is to frame our clients’ character correctly when we want a decision maker to see things our way. That “correct” way of introducing our client is whatever way will result in a decision in our favor – Ask: what would make the judge or jury feel our client should prevail?
by Ken Lopez Founder/CEO A2L Consulting This is the fifth and final installment in a series of articles focused on how defense counsel can overcome the increasingly popular Reptile trial strategy. In parts one through four, I offered an introduction to the strategy, I shared ten ways to recognize when the strategy is being used against you, I explained why the strategy does not actually work in the way that its authors describe, and I explained that despite the bad science, the Reptile trial strategy still works. In this post, I summarize how to overcome the strategy in both the pretrial and trial phases of a case. I rely heavily on the work of Jill Bechtold of Marks Gray and Steve Quattlebaum of Quattlebaum, Grooms & Tull. They were my co-presenters at a recent defense attorney-focused conference devoted to repelling the Reptile strategy. One theme that clearly emerges from the 12 points below is that being a good defense lawyer is more important than ever. No longer is it enough simply to outlast your opponent. No longer is it enough to come up with a great theme and narrative just before trial. Because the Reptile strategy often begins with the complaint, a defense against it must start shortly thereafter -- or you will pay the price later. Spot the Reptile: It can appear as late as closing arguments, but more often than not, plaintiffs counsel will introduce the key themes as early as the complaint. See, 10 Ways to Spot the Reptile in Action. Read the Book: I hate to say this, but you probably should read it. It is Reptile: The 2009 Manual of the Plaintiff’s Revolution by David Ball and Don Keenan. Spot your Opponent on the Reptile Hall of Fame: https://edgeverdicts.com/ (paywall) Plaintiffs counsel with a record of using the Reptile strategy are listed here. Is one your opponent?
Handling a CEO during litigation can be a daunting task for trial lawyers. CEOs often hold significant influence and are the public face of their companies, making their words and actions crucial in determining the outcome of a trial. It is imperative to approach this situation with careful consideration, thorough preparation, and a solid understanding of the legal process.
by Ken Lopez Founder/CEO A2L Consulting In case you missed it, the New York Attorney General's Office dropped a bombshell this week. They have accused major retailers including Wal-Mart, Target, Walgreen's and GNC of knowingly selling supplements that contain either none of what is advertised (an incredible 80% of the time) or something else entirely. The herbal supplement industry is estimated to have close to $100 billion in annual sales. That's about five times the revenue of all AmLaw 200 law firms combined. Once I saw the New York Times piece reporting on this issue, I wanted to learn more about what this might mean for litigators. Fortunately, I knew exactly who to speak with. Below is an interview with Dr. David Schwartz, head of scientific support to counsel at Innovative Science Solutions. He describes his role as something of a scientific detective, regularly helping ISS’s clients defend and support pharmaceuticals, industrial chemicals, medical devices, foods, and dietary supplements in the courts, the regulatory arena, and the market place. In this six-minute interview, Dr. Schwartz shares his outlook for how this issue might unfold in the courts.
by Ken Lopez Founder/CEO A2L Consulting Over the past 15 years, A2L Consulting has partnered with Innovative Science Solutions (ISS) on everything from tobacco litigation to hydraulic fracturing to alleged health effects of cell phones. Along the way, we have learned, often by overcoming enormous challenges, how to make science your ally.
When it comes to being a successful trial lawyer, there are many tools at your disposal. However, one of the most powerful and often overlooked tools is silence. By using silence strategically during trial, voir dire, and depositions, you can gain an advantage over your opponent and create a more effective and persuasive argument. Silence During Trial During a trial, there are many opportunities to use silence to your advantage. For example, when a witness is being cross-examined, you can use silence to create a moment of tension. After the witness has finished answering a question, you can pause for a moment before asking your next question. This creates a moment of silence that can be very effective in highlighting the witness's discomfort or uncertainty. Silence can also be used to create a sense of drama in the courtroom. For example, if you're presenting a key piece of evidence, you can pause before revealing it. This builds anticipation and can make the evidence seem even more powerful. In addition, silence can be used to regain control of the courtroom. If the opposing counsel is being disruptive or argumentative, you can simply remain silent for a moment. This can be very effective in getting the judge's attention and getting the opposing counsel to back down. Silence During Voir Dire Voir dire is the process of selecting a jury, and it's an important part of any trial. During voir dire, you have the opportunity to question potential jurors to determine if they are biased or have any conflicts of interest. Silence can be used during voir dire to encourage potential jurors to speak more openly. For example, if a potential juror seems hesitant or unsure, you can simply remain silent. This can create a moment of silence that can encourage the potential juror to provide more information. Silence can also be used to create a sense of authority and control during voir dire. By remaining silent and allowing potential jurors to provide information, you can create a sense of authority and control that can be very effective in persuading potential jurors to see things from your perspective. Silence During Depositions During a deposition, you have the opportunity to question witnesses under oath. This can be a valuable opportunity to gather information and prepare for trial. However, witnesses may be evasive or uncooperative during depositions. In these situations, silence can be a powerful tool. If a witness is being unresponsive or evasive, you can simply remain silent. This creates a moment of tension that can make the witness uncomfortable and more likely to provide a straight answer. Silence can also be used to encourage a witness to provide more information. For example, if a witness is providing a vague or incomplete answer, you can remain silent for a moment. This can encourage the witness to provide more information in order to fill the silence. The Benefits of Using Silence Using silence strategically during trial, voir dire, and depositions can have many benefits. For example, it can: - Create tension and drama in the courtroom - Highlight the discomfort or uncertainty of witnesses - Regain control of the courtroom - Encourage potential jurors or witnesses to provide more information - Make the evidence seem more powerful - Create a sense of authority and control However, it's important to remember that silence should be used strategically and judiciously. Using silence too often or inappropriately can be counterproductive and make you appear weak or indecisive. Tips for Using Silence Effectively If you're interested in using silence strategically during trial, voir dire, and depositions, here are some tips to keep in mind: - Plan ahead: Before the trial, think about where you can strategically use silence to your advantage. - Practice: Practice using silence during your preparation for trial. This will help you feel more comfortable using it during the trial. - Be confident: Using silence effectively requires confidence. If you're nervous or unsure, it may not be as effective. - Use body language: Silence can be enhanced by using appropriate body language. For example, you can make eye contact with the judge or potential jurors during moments of silence. - Use silence sparingly: Silence should be used strategically and judiciously. Using it too often or inappropriately can be counterproductive. In Conclusion Silence can be a powerful tool during trial, voir dire, and depositions. By using silence strategically, you can gain an advantage over your opponent, create a more effective and persuasive argument, and regain control of the courtroom. However, it's important to use silence strategically and judiciously. With practice and experience, you can learn to use silence effectively and become a more effective litigator. Other articles related to best practices around voir dire, depositions and legal communications techniques from A2L include: Witness Preparation: The Most Important Part 6 Tips for Effectively Using Video Depositions at Trial 10 Signs the Pressure is Getting to You and What to Do About It Witness Preparation: Hit or Myth? 5 Signs of a Dysfunctional Trial Team (and What to Do About It) 7 Videos About Body Language Our Litigation Consultants Recommend Free Storytelling Webinar - Watch Now Free PowerPoint Litigation Graphics for the Courtroom Webinar - Watch Now
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